Integrated land suitability assessment and management strategies for sustainable agriculture on mohupomba island, Indonesia

Abstract

Land suitability assessment is fundamental to ensuring productive and sustainable agricultural development. This study aimed to evaluate land characteristics, determine land suitability, and formulate strategic management directions for sustainable agriculture on Mohupomba Island, Boalemo Regency. Field surveys were conducted using a grid sampling technique at 11 observation points. Soil physicochemical properties were analyzed in the laboratory, and climatic data were incorporated into the assessment. Land suitability was evaluated using two approaches: the Khiddir method (1986) and the Rabia method (2013). The results reveal heterogeneous land characteristics across the island. Soil texture ranges from sandy to clay loam, with moderately rapid to slow drainage conditions. Soil chemical analysis indicates neutral to slightly acidic pH, low salinity, variable organic matter content (low to high), low to moderate nitrogen, moderate phosphorus, and low to moderate available potassium (K₂O). Land suitability classification based on the Khiddir method identified categories ranging from Unsuitable (N) to Very Suitable (S1), with soil fertility (f) as the primary limiting factor. In contrast, the Rabia method classified land into Marginally Suitable (S3) to Very Suitable (S1), with climate (c) identified as the main constraint. Overall, Mohupomba Island demonstrates significant potential for sustainable agricultural development, although suitability levels vary depending on land characteristics and climatic conditions. Recommended management strategies include site-specific organic and inorganic amendments to enhance soil fertility, implementation of soil and water conservation practices, and the development of climate-adaptive, agro-ecotourism-based farming systems.